New Study Links Texas Quakes to Fracking Wells

 SHYNE EARL                               PERIOD 3                  SEPTEMBER 27 ,2016

 .1 Geophysicsts saw in a new study that a 2012 earthquake in East Texas was caused by wastewater injection, a waste product practice by the fracking industry.Registering 4.8 on the Richter scale, the earthquake was the strongest in the recorded history of the region. At the time, scientists told CNN they suspected nearby injection wells were responsible.

.2 A new study in Science, "Surface uplift and time-dependent seismic hazard due to fluid injection in eastern Texas," backs up that hypothesis using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR).

.3 Setting InSAR's eye on four high-volume wells used for wastewater disposal, the researchers began to track the changes in the Earth. 

. Wastewater injection wells handle a byproduct of fracking, which study co-author William Ellsworth compares to "ancient ocean water" in that it is "too salty and too contaminated with other chemicals to treat economically, so the only viable solution at present is to put it back underground." The wells then push that wastewater thousands of feet underground, although distances vary per well.

.4 By creating an impasse in the rock, the injection well forced the pore pressure downwards until it hit an ancient fault line.

.5 Looking at wells close to the earthquake's epicenter determined that wastewater injection from shallow wells resulted in detectable ground uplift at distances up to 5 miles. The deeper wells affected pore pressure, which refers to "the pressure exerted by a column of water from the formation's depth to sea level.

smart factorys technology step upa imts

shyne earl 

period 3

Sep 19 2016

           1  .2 phrase

.1.Smarter factory systems connected via the cloud are the grand vision offered for the future factories that will fully leverage the best available tools from automation, software and machine tool builders.

 2. At IMTS 2016 in Chicago this week, the number of new systems and know-how showcased by factory automation and software developers attested to the manufacturing industry’s level of commitment to building the vital infrastructure for making digital manufacturing and the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) happen.

                     

                         2.quotation supports

1.To reach the full potential of the IIoT, manufacturers have to fully connect their machine tools to the Web and enterprise systems, collecting Big Data off the factory floor for crunching in analytics software systems. 

        3.details support

“We think we’re leading some of the industry with the cloud and analytics—and we’re really not after the reactive, but the predictive, with this system

At the forefront of digitalization efforts are companies like Siemens AG (Munich), with its CAD/CAM/CAE software, automation and controls technologies, and also Autodesk Inc. 

(San Rafael, CA), which this week unveiled its Fusion lifecycle aimed offering a complete design-through-manufacturing platform for manufacturers.

                 4. benefits

          More smart factory developments at IMTS included Memex Inc. (Burlington, ON, Canada) unveiling its MTC-One, an advanced, easily configurable MTConnect board for legacy machine tools and other IIoT devices. The MTC-One, Memex’s third generation of MTConnect connectivity boards, offers users a fast ARM microprocessor capable of running Linux, MTConnect adapters, agents and other IIoT software.

               5.              More smart factory developments at IMTS included Memex Inc. (Burlington, ON, Canada) unveiling its MTC-One, an advanced, easily configurable MTConnect board for legacy machine tools and other IIoT devices. The MTC-One, Memex’s third generation of MTConnect connectivity boards, offers users a fast ARM microprocessor capable of running Linux, MTConnect adapters, agents and other IIoT software.                                                                                     

The Army’s Self-Driving Trucks Hit the Highway to Prepare for Battle    

Shyne Earl

Period 3

Sep 12 ,2016

                    1.  phrase.1 In 10 to 15 years, Army engineers say, fully autonomous truck convoys will be ready to serve in conflict zones.

                            phrase 2 The US Army’s Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center is not the only big organization experimenting with autonomous trucks. 

                               2 . But for all their humdrum khaki looks, these were platooning, semi-autonomous army trucks, moving as one organism.

                                 3. Robo-trucks could hump supplies around bases, or resupply soldiers at far-flung outposts.

                                    4.It’ll have to navigate places where they can’t communicate with infrastructure, and where markings, signs, and pavement are out-of-date and poorly maintained. 

                                       5.It’s a big challenge, but a nice reminder that fancy engineers and computers support the troops, too.